ื‘ื–ื™ื–ื”

ยท Robert Casanovas
Ebook
194
Pages
Eligible

About this ebook

ย 

ืจื•ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื–ื”, ื‘ื”ืฉืจืืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื, ืžืฉื—ื–ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืกืข ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ ื”ืฆืจืคืชื™-ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ ืœืกื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1860 ื•ืืช ื‘ื™ื–ืช ืืจืžื•ืŸ ื”ืงื™ืฅ ื‘ื‘ื™ื™ื’'ื™ื ื’. ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ืื’ื• ื•ื‘ืคืืœื™ืงืื•, ืžื’ืœื™ื ืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืืช ืืจืžื•ืŸ ื”ืงื™ืฅ (ื™ื•ืืŸ ืžื™ื ื’ ื™ื•ืืŸ), ืžืขื•ืŸ ืงื™ืกืจื™ ืขืชื™ืจ ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื. ืžื•ืœ ืขื•ืฉืจ ื–ื”, ื”ืžืฉืžืขืช ืงื•ืจืกืช: ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื•ื–ื–ื™ื ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื˜ืชื™ ื—ืจืกื™ื ื”, ื™ืฉืคื” ื•ื‘ืจื•ื ื–ื”. ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžืฆื™ืชื™ื ื”ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืืช ื”ืืจืžื•ืŸ. ื”ื—ืคืฆื™ื ื”ื’ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืœืฆืจืคืช ื•ืžื•ื’ืฉื™ื ื›ืžืชื ื” ืœืงื™ืกืจื™ืช ืื–'ื ื™, ืฉืžืงื™ืžื” ืืช ื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ื”ืกื™ื ื™ ื‘ืคื•ื ื˜ื ื‘ืœื•. ื•ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื’ื• ืžื’ื ื” ื‘ืคื•ืžื‘ื™ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื–ื”, ื•ืžื›ื ื” ืืช ืฆืจืคืช ื•ืื ื’ืœื™ื” "ืฉื•ื“ื“ื™ื". ื”ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ ื”ืกื™ื ื™ ืคื™ืŸ ืฆ'ื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช, ื•ืžื ื‘ื ื›ื™ ืกื™ืŸ ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชืฉื›ื— ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืœื” ื”ื–ื•. ื”ืจื•ืžืŸ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ืžืฆืคื•ื ื™ื”ื ื”ืžื™ื•ืกืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ื”ืคื™ื›ื” ื”ืฆื‘ื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื–ื” ืœ"ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™".


ืจื•ืžืŸ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื–ื”, ื‘ื”ืฉืจืืช ืื™ืจื•ืขื™ื ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื, ืžืฉื—ื–ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืกืข ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ ื”ืฆืจืคืชื™-ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ ืœืกื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ืช 1860 ื•ืืช ื‘ื™ื–ืช ืืจืžื•ืŸ ื”ืงื™ืฅ ื‘ื‘ื™ื™ื’'ื™ื ื’. ืœืื—ืจ ื”ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ืื’ื• ื•ื‘ืคืืœื™ืงืื•, ืžื’ืœื™ื ืฆื‘ืื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืืช ืืจืžื•ืŸ ื”ืงื™ืฅ (ื™ื•ืืŸ ืžื™ื ื’ ื™ื•ืืŸ), ืžืขื•ืŸ ืงื™ืกืจื™ ืขืชื™ืจ ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ ืืœืคื™ ืฉื ื™ื. ืžื•ืœ ืขื•ืฉืจ ื–ื”, ื”ืžืฉืžืขืช ืงื•ืจืกืช: ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืžื™...

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About the author

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ืจื•ื‘ืจื˜ ืงื–ื ื•ื‘ืืก, ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืคืจืกื ืืช "ื”ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื’ื ื•ื‘" ื•ืืช "ื”ืฆื•ื•ืื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื–ื•ื™ืคืช", ื”ื•ื ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ืื’ืจื’ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ (professeur agrรฉgรฉ honoraire) ื•ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื’ื•ื“ืช ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืกืคืจ (Sociรฉtรฉ des Gens de Lettres). ืžืฉืคื˜ืŸ ื”ื ืœื”ื‘ ืžื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืกืคื™ ืืžื ื•ืช, ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืืžื ื•ืช. ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ International Restitutions, ืคืจืกื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืืงื“ืžื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉื.


ืจื•ื‘ืจื˜ ืงื–ื ื•ื‘ืืก, ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ืคืจืกื ืืช "ื”ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื’ื ื•ื‘" ื•ืืช "ื”ืฆื•ื•ืื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื–ื•ื™ืคืช", ื”ื•ื ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ืื’ืจื’ื” ืฉืœ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ (professeur agrรฉgรฉ honoraire) ื•ื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืื’ื•ื“ืช ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืกืคืจ (Sociรฉtรฉ des Gens de Lettres). ืžืฉืคื˜ืŸ ื”ื ืœื”ื‘ ืžื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืกืคื™ ืืžื ื•ืช, ื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ืืžื ื•ืช. ื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืœืชื™-ืžืžืฉืœืชื™...

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